Sanction

刑罰

keibatsu

(penalty or coercive measure)

制裁

seisai

(penalty or coercive measure)

承認

shōnin

(approval, by an authority, that makes something valid)

拘束

kōsoku

(stipulation specifying the above)

許可

kyoka

(approval, by an authority, that makes something valid)

認可

ninka

(approval, by an authority, that makes something valid)

制裁を加える

sēsai o kuwaeru

(to penalize a state, especially for violating international law)

承認する

shōnin suru

(to give authorization or approval to)

許可する

kyoka suru

(to give authorization or approval to)

認可する

ninka suru

(to give authorization or approval to)