-ish

//ɪʃ// suffix

suffix ·Rare ·Advanced level

Definitions

Suffix
  1. 1
    Typical of, similar to, being like. morpheme

    "Her face had a girlish charm."

  2. 2
    An ending found on some verbs; see usage notes. idiomatic, morpheme
  3. 3
    Somewhat, rather. morpheme

    "Her face had a bluish tinge."

  4. 4
    About, approximately. especially, morpheme

    "We arrived at tennish. We arrived tennish."

  5. 5
    Of, belonging, or relating to (a nationality, place, language or similar association with something). morpheme

    "British, Cornish, Danish, English, Finnish, Irish, Jewish, Kentish, Polish, Scottish, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish etc."

Example

More examples

"[…] ; for she had recently developed a magpie[-]ish tendency to appropriate and conceal trifling matters; […]"

Etymology

Etymology 1

From Middle English -ish, -isch, from Old English -isċ (“-ish”, suffix), from Proto-West Germanic *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz (“-ish”), from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos. Cognate with Dutch -s; German -isch (whence Dutch -isch); Norwegian, Danish, and Swedish -isk or -sk; Lithuanian -iškas; Russian -ский (-skij); and the Ancient Greek diminutive suffix -ίσκος (-ískos). Doublet of -esque and -ski.

Etymology 2

From Middle English -ishen, -ischen, -issen, from Old French -iss-, -is- (a termination of the stem of some forms [present participle, etc.] of certain verbs), from Latin -ēscere, -īscere (an inchoative suffix), the formative -esc-, -isc- (-sc-, Greek -σκ- (-sk-)) being ultimately cognate with English -ish (Etymology 1). See -esce, -escent, etc.

Data sourced from Wiktionary, WordNet, CMU, and other open linguistic databases. Updated March 2026.