Proven

//ˈpɹu.vn̩// adj, verb

adj, verb ·Uncommon ·College level

Definitions

Verb
  1. 1
    past participle of prove form-of, participle, past
Adjective
  1. 1
    Having been proved; having proved its value or truth.

    "It's a proven fact that morphine is a more effective painkiller than acetaminophen is."

Adjective
  1. 1
    established beyond doubt wordnet

Example

More examples

"The news article painted the defendant as a guilty man, even though he had been proven innocent."

Etymology

From Scottish English, as past participle of preve, a Middle English variant of prove – compare woven (from weave) and cloven (from cleave), both of which feature -eve → -oven. Preve died out in England, but survived in Scotland, where proven developed, initially in a legal context, as in “The jury ruled that the charges were not proven.” See usage notes for historical usage patterns. Earlier, from Late Latin probō (“test, try, examine, approve, show to be good or fit, prove”, verb), from Latin probus (“good, worthy, excellent”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-bʰuH-s (“being in front, prominent”), from *pro-, *per- (“toward”) + *bʰuH- (“to be”). Morphologically prove + -n.

Related phrases

Data sourced from Wiktionary, WordNet, CMU, and other open linguistic databases. Updated March 2026.