Habsburgian

It was an attempt to preserve the teutsche Libertät, the autonomy of the imperial Estates against Habsburgian efforts to gain absolute power.

They most commonly employed a Habsburgian notion of state and society in which authorities were understood to be guardians of Indians, part of a pact between crown and subjects.

From that time on and for over a century and a half, the struggle against this “Habsburgian noose” and against the threat of a Habsburgian universal monarchy became the main concern of French foreign policy.

Before that time the Habsburgians had been for centuries the emperors of the German Holy Roman Empire until they were deposed by Napoleon in 1806.

The successors to Ferdinand of Aragon as kings of Spain were the Habsburgians Charles I (1516-1556, since 1519 Roman Emperor Charles V), Philipp II (1556-1598), Philipp III (1598-1621), the dedicatee of Stella's Columbeis (see above, pp. 456 ff.), Philipp IV (1621-1665), Charles II (1665-1700), and Philipp V (1701-1746).

They did not imitate the image policy of the Constantinople emperors but that of the Habsburgians, saying that they were the equals of the Habsburgs.