Arteriovenostomy

Arteriovenostomies occurred slightly less than 30,000 times in 1992; between 1986 and 1992, the rate increased by 34 percent in white beneficiaries and by 73 percent in black beneficiaries.

To save the life of Okoro, a procedure called "arteriovenostomy for renal dialysis" was recommended for him.

In contrast, Black beneficiaries were found to have substantially higher rates than White beneficiaries in the use of four procedures performed in the hospital: amputation of part of the lower limb, surgical debridement, arteriovenostomy, and bilateral orchiectomy.