Clavicytheria

[W]e find indications of a keyed instrument after the year 1300, called the Clavicytherium, or keyed cithara. […] The clavichord and manichord, which we read of in [Wolfgang Amadeus] Mozart's letters, were only improved and better-made clavicytheria.

Clavicytheria, or upright harpsichords, were also made in Italy. Although they probably were built almost everywhere, the evidence of the extant instruments indicates that they were more common here than elsewhere.