End-feel

In essence this means having an awareness of what the normal range of movement and end-feel is for that joint.

There may be a range of end-feels within the 'elastic' group, but all are indicative of normal tissue tension, such as the 'leathery' end-feel of passive pronation and supination of the forearm, or the even tighter 'rubbery' end-feel of ankle plantarflexion and wrist flexion where the reistance to the movement is in part provided by the tendons spanning the joint.

The quality of the resistance from R1 to R2, the elastic zone, is then assessed as well as the end-feel to the movement.