Hylobatid

The principal resemblances between pliopithecines and living hylobatids are found in the skull and dentition (Zapfe 1958).

In the absence of an obvious cause, it must be considered unlikely that hylobatids and great apes (including fossil great apes) would have acquired all of these characters independently.

However, in cercopithecoids and in hylobatids, the transverse processes are completely embedded in the septum.