Nonalterable

A preformed nonalterable cranioplasty plate is a de- vice that is implanted in a patient to repair a skull defect and is constructed of a material, e.g., stainless steel or vitallium, that cannot be altered or reshaped at the time of surgery without changing the chemical behavior of the material.

The students who are less successful describe themselves as helpless and atrtribute their unsuccessful outcomes to nonalterable and/or external causes such as stupidity, task difficulty, luck, poor teachers, or even bad days.

Nonalterable variables are things we cannot change, such as ethnicity, socioeconomic status, gender, and home background.