Otorhinolaryngological

1998, Peter M. Lauven, Peter Kulka, 1: Anesthesia for Surgical Procedures on the Neck, Hans Heinz Naumann, Jan Helms (editors), Head and Neck Surgery, Volume 3: Neck, page 1, The premedication of otorhinolaryngological patients does not differ from that in other surgical disciplines.

This has led to considering the phenomenon as of psychogenic origin and can explain why the condition is sometimes missed on a single otorhinolaryngological examination.

There is a need for studies evaluating the effect of early interventions for otorhinolaryngological conditions on social interaction, communication, behaviour and quality of life for people with ID.