Portculis

Upon the Battlements of the Walls was another ſort of Engine placed for ſlinging of Stones, which they called Wild Aſſes; and at the Gates ſuch as they termed Wolves, made after a faſhion which ſomething reſembled Portculiſes.

The Windows, which are 13 on each Side above, and as many below, in the North and South Iſles, beſides the ſpacious Eaſt Window, jut out into the Gothic Towers, and were formerly of painted or diapered Glaſs, having in every Pain a white Roſe, the Badge of Lancaſter, or an H the initial Letter of the Founder’s Name, and Portculiſſes, the Badge of the Beaufort’s, crowned, of which there are ſome now remaining.

Theſe portculiſſes are, in my opinion, better than thoſe called organs, becauſe if an enemy ſhould come ſo near as to cut it open, it will not be ſo eaſily done, if they are well covered with iron; and the men behind them may fire through it with very little danger; whereas, the enemy muſt be very much expoſed to their fire: beſides, there might be an opening left above, to throw ſtones and blocks of wood upon thoſe that dare approach them.

The wall was crowned with 44 towers, some over 70 feet, with portculisses, supply rooms, fireplaces and ladders.