Referential

The standard pitch A is used as referential pitch for tuning most of all instruments and is set to 440 Hertz.

Thus, the referential location of “town” in an utterance “Went to town”, is simply to be conceived as that location which might also be referred to by “there”, “the place we visited last Thursday”, “your birthplace”, etc.

Above all, the referential approach has proved durable and especially flexible.

In the first place, it must be pointed out that the bond with the past is inferential rather than referential.