Türkman

The wild Kürd and Türkman, wandering predatory shepherds, pitch their tents there;

The tekfur of Trebizond had such a bride, but that means descending from the freedom of the open pastures of the Türkmans through the dark valleys of the Pontos with its agach denizi (sea of trees), where armed men lurked, to the alien and enclosed world of the coastal Greeks: a world fraught with danger.

The most popular poet is, perhaps, Makhdūm-ḳuli (1733–ca. 1782), an educated Türkman, who cultivated the forms of folk poetry in secular love lyrics, and also wrote didactic works and religious songs.[…]Local languages were now elevated to independent literary status. The largest among these were Uzbek, Kazak, Türkman and Kirghiz.

Altan Gokalp has suggested that the terms Türkman and Yörük as used in these documents were not ethnic-linguistic labels but referred to different statuses for purposes of taxation; he believes that neither Yörük nor Türkman were necessarily turcophone (personal communication; cf. Gokalp 1989, 530–532).

Part of the Seljuk and Türkman success in breaking local economies and sense of Orthodox patrida in Anatolia comes from the way in which they extinguished these local shrines and their lands, for once a pilgrim town has been wrecked it is very difficult to revive.

The Salor tribe, who held the city, had not been in the habit of making marauding incursions into Persia for the purpose of plunder and capturing slaves; but they were charged by Abbāss Mirza with supplying arms to other Türkman tribes, and of receiving Persian prisoners in return, whom they either retained as slaves or sold in Khīva and Bokhāra.

Amir Khan was the leading amir of the Türkman tribe, which had come to regard Azerbaijan as its fief. The other Türkman amirs were incensed not only by his imprisonment, but also by his replacement with an Ustajlu.