Ur-science

It would be natural to suppose that it is classical logic (or some near thing) that lays rightful claim on the status of this ur-science.

The second key distinction is between praxeology and history, which Mises considers the two ur-sciences of human action (Mises [1949] 1996, 30–32); praxeology studies the theoretical and necessary characteristics of action, while history studies its contingent characteristics and manifestations.