Stern

//stɜːn// adj, name, noun, verb

Definitions

Adjective
  1. 1
    Having a hardness and severity of nature or manner.

    "I haue beene wooed, as I intreat thee now, / Euen by the ſterne, and direfull God of warre, / VVhoſe ſinowie necke in battel nere did bow, / VVho conquers where he comes in euery iarre; […]"

  2. 2
    Grim and forbidding in appearance.

    "these barren rocks, your stern inheritance"

Adjective
  1. 1
    severe and unremitting in making demands wordnet
  2. 2
    of a stern or strict bearing or demeanor; forbidding in aspect wordnet
  3. 3
    not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty wordnet
  4. 4
    severely simple wordnet
Proper Noun
  1. 1
    A surname.
Noun
  1. 1
    The rear part (after end) of a ship or other vessel.

    "Holonyms: watercraft < vessel"

  2. 2
    A bird, the black tern, seabird.
  3. 3
    the rear part of a ship wordnet
  4. 4
    The post of management or direction. figuratively

    "and sit chiefest stern of public weal"

  5. 5
    the fleshy part of the human body that you sit on wordnet
Show 2 more definitions
  1. 6
    The hinder part of anything.
  2. 7
    The tail of an animal; now used only of the tail of a dog.

    "And all attonce her beaſtly bodie raizd / With doubled forces high aboue the ground: / Tho wrapping vp her wrethed ſterne arownd, / Lept fierce vpon his ſhield, [...]"

Verb
  1. 1
    To steer, to direct the course of (a ship). ambitransitive, obsolete
  2. 2
    To propel or move backward or stern-first in the water. ambitransitive

Etymology

Etymology 1

From Middle English stern, sterne, sturne, from Old English styrne (“stern, grave, strict, austere, hard, severe, cruel”), from Proto-Germanic *sturnijaz (“angry, astonished, shocked”), from Proto-Indo-European *ster- (“rigid, stiff”). Cognate with Scots stern (“bold, courageous, fierce, resolute”), Old High German stornēn (“to be astonished”), Dutch stuurs (“glum, austere”), Swedish stursk (“insolent”).

Etymology 2

Most likely from Old Norse stjórn (“control, steering”), related to stýra (“to steer”), from Proto-Germanic *stiurijaną, whence also English steer. Also possibly from Old Frisian stiarne (“rudder”), from the same Germanic root. The sense referring to a management post alludes to the fact that a sailing ship's captain would often stand on an aft deck.

Etymology 3

Most likely from Old Norse stjórn (“control, steering”), related to stýra (“to steer”), from Proto-Germanic *stiurijaną, whence also English steer. Also possibly from Old Frisian stiarne (“rudder”), from the same Germanic root. The sense referring to a management post alludes to the fact that a sailing ship's captain would often stand on an aft deck.

Etymology 4

From a variant of tern.

Etymology 5

* As a German and Jewish surname, from the noun Stern (“star”). This was also borrowed into various Slavic languages such as Serbo-Crotian and Slovenian. * As an English surname, from the adjective stern.

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