Since the proto-photon has no charge, it does not seem likely that we could detect such "orbital" motion for the electron-photon system.
Source: wiktionary
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Since the proto-photon has no charge, it does not seem likely that we could detect such "orbital" motion for the electron-photon system.
Source: wiktionary
Notice that here we slightly deviate from traditional VMD-2 because we include a direct coupling between the pions and the proto-photon.
Source: wiktionary
It is shown how the assumption that a singlet gauge boson (a proto-photon) and the neutral member of a triplet W=t° are mixed leads to the identification of the couplings of the quarks and leptons to the neutral intermediate boson Z°.
Source: wiktionary
Data sourced from Wiktionary, WordNet, CMU, and other open linguistic databases. Updated March 2026.