ESL High-Frequency Vocabulary

Core word sets and usage distinctions for practical English fluency.

Use this topic for high-frequency usage patterns that improve everyday written English.

Search Intent Coverage

esl vocabulary listcommon english word usageesl confusing verbsenglish writing for learners

High-value distinctions

Small usage distinctions can dramatically improve perceived fluency.

  • Focus on verb pattern differences.
  • Practice sentence templates.
  • Review function words in context.

Practice loop

Build retention with short daily production drills.

  • Write 5 contrast sentences daily.
  • Read examples aloud.
  • Correct one recurring error per day.

Core Vocabulary In This Topic

say

For example; let us assume.

Also: take, turn, go, point

tell

A surname.

Also: break, pass, mark, charge

speak

Language, jargon, or terminology used uniquely in a particular environment or group.

Also: hold, touch, note, sound

talk

A conversation or discussion; usually serious, but informal.

Also: pitch, support, say, push

who

whose

Also: W.H.O., World Health Organization

whom
formalacademic

What person or people; which person or people.; As the object of a verb.

Also: W.H.O., World Health Organization

Note: Often unnecessary in casual writing.

its
generalgrammar-risk

Obsolete spelling of it's.

Also: punch, tag, gain, limit

Note: Common confusion with "it’s" in fast drafting.

it's
generalgrammar-risk

Contraction of it + is.

Also: ’tis, ’twas

Note: Contraction only: "it is" or "it has".

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