What does "penance" mean?
A voluntary self-imposed punishment for a sinful act or wrongdoing. It may be intended to serve as reparation for the act.
Penance
/ˈpɛn.əns/ noun, verb
noun, verb ·Moderate ·College level
Meaning at a glance
- Primary sense: A voluntary self-imposed punishment for a sinful act or wrongdoing. It may be intended to serve as reparation for the act.
- Grammar: penance is listed as noun, verb.
- Nearest alternatives: atonement, penitence, abject apology, amends.
- Useful contrasts: easy task, forgiveness, indulgence.
- Usage evidence: Penance is one of the seven sacraments.
How to use "penance"
- Start with the primary definition, then check the part of speech before placing the word in a sentence.
- Compare nearby synonyms to make sure "penance" carries the exact meaning, tone, and strength you need.
- Use the example sentence as a context check. If your sentence uses the word differently, confirm that the grammar still fits.
Meaning check
- Does the word fit the sentence's grammar?
- Does it match the intended tone rather than only the dictionary definition?
- Would a simpler synonym be clearer for the reader?
- Is there enough surrounding context to prevent ambiguity?
Source and review context
This entry combines structured lexical data with WordToolSet review checks. Definitions, examples, synonyms, and usage notes may come from different source tables, so the page is designed to show evidence from more than one angle before you rely on "penance" in a final draft.
If a word has several senses, prefer the sense that matches your sentence's grammar and surrounding context. A correct definition can still be the wrong choice when the sentence needs a different register, emphasis, or level of specificity.
Before you rely on this definition
Read the first definition as a starting point, then check the example, synonyms, and part of speech before treating "penance" as the right word for your sentence.
If your draft is formal, technical, persuasive, or sensitive, compare "penance" with a nearby alternative so the final choice matches both meaning and reader expectation.
Compare nearby meanings
- Use synonyms when you need a softer, stronger, simpler, or more specific word.
- Use antonyms to check the boundary of the meaning and avoid accidental contrast.
- Use the example sentence to confirm the word behaves naturally in context.
- Keep the original wording when a replacement adds complexity without improving precision.
Definition decision workflow
1. Identify the role
Check whether "penance" is acting as noun, verb in your sentence. A definition is only useful when the grammar matches the way the word is being used.
2. Test the nearest option
Compare it with "atonement" and other nearby choices to see whether the sentence needs a softer, stronger, or more familiar word.
3. Confirm with context
Use the example sentence below as an evidence check, then read your own sentence out loud to catch tone or rhythm problems.
Review note: Definition pages are checked for source coverage, sentence evidence, synonym support, and editorial insight before they are treated as approval-ready pages. If the evidence is too thin, the page remains available to users but is kept out of the approval-facing indexed inventory.
Final meaning check
Before publishing a sentence with "penance", ask whether the word helps the reader understand the idea faster. A precise word should reduce confusion, not simply make the sentence look more polished.
When the definition, synonym evidence, and example context point in the same direction, the word is usually a safer choice. When they conflict, revise the sentence or choose a clearer alternative.
Definitions
Noun
- 1 A voluntary self-imposed punishment for a sinful act or wrongdoing. It may be intended to serve as reparation for the act. countable, uncountable
"Quoth he, "The man hath penance done, / And penance more will do.""
- 2 a Catholic sacrament; repentance and confession and atonement and absolution wordnet
- 3 A sacrament in some Christian churches that involves penitence (remorse plus restitution via prayer). countable, uncountable
- 4 voluntary self-punishment in order to atone for some wrongdoing wordnet
- 5 Any instrument of self-punishment. countable, uncountable
Show 3 more definitions
- 6 remorse for your past conduct wordnet
- 7 repentance countable, obsolete, uncountable
- 8 pain; sorrow; suffering countable, obsolete, uncountable
Verb
- 1 To impose penance; to punish.
"She seem'd, at once, some penanced lady elf, / Some demon mistress, or the demon's self."
Synonyms
All synonymsAntonyms
Example
"Penance is one of the seven sacraments."
Common questions
What is a synonym for "penance"?
Common synonyms include: atonement, penitence, abject apology, amends, apology, asceticism.
How do you use "penance" in a sentence?
Penance is one of the seven sacraments.
How do you pronounce "penance"?
Pronounced /ˈpɛn.əns/.
Etymology
From Middle English penaunce, from Anglo-Norman, from Old French peneance, from Latin paenitentia (“repentance, penitence”). Doublet of penitence.