Normanization

The only effective barrier to the full Normanization of England was Earl Godwin, who lived to regret his choice of Edward for the throne.

By c. 1200, therefore, Clydesdale was predominantly a land of 'French' local lordship; it is a remarkably clear-cut case of 'Normanization'.

Yet despite the ways in which Normanization also entailed anglicization, David was also determined to maintain the traditional independence of the Scottish Church.