Sememe

Any given word of a natural language in its shared acceptations represents a seme, sememe, or set of sememes, but the profile that we can compile as representing the shared elements in a list of synonymous and parasynonymous words is an artificial construct, an instance of meta-language, thus called a constructed sememe.

Since sememes are enhanced in the sememe network (as shown in Fig. 3), both a topic and an article analysis can rely on the sememe network instead of explicit term matching.

HowNet organizes all the sememes into several trees, and each sememe is considered a node of a tree.