Slaveholding

They brought slaves and slaveholding traditions with them, and cultivated hemp and tobacco.

The slaveholding way of life continued until 1865, when the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was passed following the end of the Civil War between the Northern and the Southern states

Defenders of Southern slavery employed religious rhetoric to justify the system, selecting biblical passages that appeared to condone the practice of slaveholding and the relation between master and slave.

On the other hand, the Mountain South also contained some Lower South counties, thereby permitting internal comparisons between differently sized slaveholdings, between crop specializations, and between agricultural and nonagricultural producers.