Misreason

I could not, indeed, so strangely misreason as to suppose that sensual indulgence produced superior intelect; but I supposed that in some instances superior intellect might cause sensual indulgence.

Source: wiktionary

We need not even enter the courtroom to flood ourselves with memorial evidence of the "stern lesson" that "[p]eople disguise the truth in certain situations, whether out of deviousness, self-deception, ignorance, or fear. They also, of course, misremember, misjudge, and misreason.”

Source: wiktionary

Its incipit is Quoniam qui nominum virtutis sunt ignari, de facili paralogizantur, et ipsi disputantes et alio audientes ("In arguments those who are not well acquainted with the power of words misreason both in their own discussions and when they listen to others") a line taken from the introductory chapter of Aristotle's On Sophistical Refutations

Source: wiktionary

Where, however, this is not merely a case of the ability of humans to misperceive or to misreason, it seems rather to indicate a reasonable conservative rule that holds that the entire body of science is more probable than a seemingly inconsistent observation.

Source: wiktionary