By

"By" in cmn

……之前

...zhīqián

(not later than)

jiào

(indicates the agent of a passive verb)

在……旁

zāi … pang

(near, or next to)

用…

yòng

(indicates a means)

yóu

(indicates the agent of a passive verb)

由…

yóu

(indicates a means)

給 /给

gěi

(indicates the agent of a passive verb)

bèi

(indicates the agent of a passive verb)

讓 /让

ràng

(indicates the agent of a passive verb)

Data sourced from Wiktionary, WordNet, CMU, and other open linguistic databases. Updated March 2026.